Nano filtration is been used ...

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Nano filtration is been used as pre treatment for evaporation systems, in order to work with a higher temperature. As pre treatment for RO has not too much sense because both (NF and RO) are the same technology with some differences in product quality. Even in the case of a water with high hardness, the recovery of the NF is going to be small (The effect of the hardness in the brine is acute) and thus the total recovery of the system should be smaller than the one of a single stage of RO