Hi, Recently, I had a ...

Hi,

Recently, I had a seminar in Tehran university discussing the same issue to the students. The presented solutions were as follows:

1. Reducing the number of heat exchangers as far as possible

2. Reducing the number and the size of surface condensers as far as possible

3. Using local chillers instead of water cooled heat exchanges

4. Using Thermoelectric cooling (TEC) based coolers instead of water cooled heat exchangers.

5. Making the best of use of steam coming out of the turbines instead of passing it directly to the surface condensers.

6. Using high efficiency water cooled heat exchangers

7. Relying on air coolers and closed circuit cooling towers

8. Re-designing the process to reduce the need for lowering the process fluid

9. Using fin-tubes to lower the process fluid's temperature in the inlet of the heat exchangers

10. Awarding the compressors and process units to the vendors having low cooling water demands.

11. Using the recycled water for the make-up water of the cooling tower

12. Applying an interlock for the cooling tower fans to switch them off when the returning cooling water is not hot

13. Using geothermal heat pumps (GSHP)

14. Improving mandatory industrial water consumption restrictive standards

A. Hasseli