Please help me find that the concentration limit of chlorine to be a added in drinkable water as per ISO or WHO standards. Salt Available: Sodium Hypochlorite with 35% Active Chlorine.
As others have said there is not a limit on the residual concentration, globally some countries may set them. It is also necessary to consider the type and extent of the distribution network as a wide range of water ages may mean that consumers experience different levels and require other solutions such as ammonia addition to stabilise the residual of disinfected water or network booster dosing of chlorine.
In fact in one recent incident in the UK the water company was prosecuted after a failure of the control at a network booster led to a massive overdose. However the grounds were not breaching a specific limit but supplying unwholesome water.
Listen, there is no established standard and if you see any then it is just a guide. However, your best bet under the circumstance is to carry out breakpoint chlorination experiments at different seasons depending on what seasons you have and establish the optimum dose per liter you may need at a particular season. Remember, in the parlance of water treatment two things are most important quality and economy, with regards to quality we are specifically talking about disinfection every thing you do is all in an effort to attain 99% efficient disinfection. Chlorine cost money and a lot at that, therefore establish your chlorine demand per litre and all other things could be added onto that.
Initial dose is not as important as what your residual amount is. You need enough chlorine to disinfect and still have a residual, but not such a large residual as to cause problems.
Regarding ISO, it depends of the country. ISO does not have a fixed standard for chlorine content, but it states that the content must comply with national regulation. For example in Panama, the chlorine content shuold be between 0.8 and 1.5 ppm, but in other contries it shouldn't be above 1 ppm.
Are you asking about a water supply or a home chlorination? WHO 4th edition has the latter. The former is case by case. It depends on the type of source water you are using and other factors.
Sanaullah Qamar i can pitch better and more safer solution than chlorination for disinfection and sanitization of water in Pakistan. you can reach me on qasim@ peregrineuae.com for further information.
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by Muhammad Qasim
2 Comments
What would that be? Few things in water treatment are more effective, cheaper and safer than chlorine disinfection. It really works.
Chlorine at first place is the cheapest option available chemically for disinfection program but it loses efficacy very quickly as temperatures rise and needs continuous dosing system and associated maintenance programs to keep it running for desired results. There are chemicals expensive than chlorine but not only they’re more effective against pathogens, bacterias and viruses but also safer in handling than chlorine.
Also, they’re required at far less quantities than chlorine so a proper laid out plan for a specific application will provide a more sanitized and clean surface, water and systems than chlorine.
Mehreen Iftikhar that's strange as my email is working just fine. Anyways, you can reach me on either of the following email id's or phone number mentioned at the end.