Hi Adriana, In Switzerland, ...
Published by Bastian Schnabel, Ph.D., Founder & Director at International Water Consulting (IWC)
In Switzerland, the amended Waters Protection Ordinance (1998), which is based on the Federal Act on the Protection of Waters (1991), regulates the discharge of wastewater containing specific chemical compounds such as pesticides and/or pharmaceutical residuals.
The European Union has adopted the Directive (2013/39/EU) on priority substances. It includes a watch list for currently 45 chemical compounds (incl. 19 identified priority hazardous substances), some of them are pharmaceuticals, to be monitored by all 28 EU member states.
The most efficient technology to reduce pharmaceutical residuals in water is ozonation and activated granulated carbon filtration.
Best regards
Bastian
PS With regards to cost/benefit, the minimum standard is your target.