The number of flood events ...

The number of flood events has increased significantly all around the world over the last three decades

Flood management and a GIS modelling method to assess flood-hazard areasFloods are considered the most significant natural disaster affecting from the perspective of their frequency, financial cost and most importantly the impact on the population and the disruption to socio-economic activities. Flooding refers the inundation of an area by unexpected rise of water by both dam failure or extreme rainfall duration and intensity in which life and properties in the affected area are under risk. The flood mapping using combination of RADARSAT, IRS LISS-III/LANDSAT satellites images and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and Hydrodynamic modeling flood event. flood modeling using hydrodynamic models and comparing with the flood extent maps derived from RADARSAT SAR satellite images The flood inundation areas extracted from RADARSAT images by visual and digital interpretation. Digital Elevation Models from ASTER used to derive cross sections in flood plain and six cross sections.

Six factors considered in order to estimate the spatial distribution of the hazardous areas:

1. flow accumulation,
2.  slope,
3.  land use,
4. rainfall intensity,
5.  geology and
6. elevation.

The study area divided into five regions characterized by different degrees of flood hazard ranging from very low to very high. The produced map of flood-hazard areas identifies the areas and settlements at high risk of flooding.

Pioneering flood modelling 

1. The management of floodwaters is crucial to society A major flood can be devastating for communities and industry, while a minor flood can be beneficial to the natural environment and agricultural industries.
2. Decisions which have to be made when managing floodplains are complex.  They must consider the needs of the community and the environment. We offer the following specialist floodplain management skills:
3. Practical floodplain risk management plan formulation
4. Hydrologic (catchment rainfall/runoff) modelling
5. 1D and 2D hydraulic flood modelling, including calibration, validation and design application/impact analysis
6. Community consultation and surveys
7. Floodplain mapping
8. Flood forecasting and flood warning systems
9. Post-flood damage reconnaissance and assessment
10. Flood mark identification and GIS-based database development
11. Emergency response planning.

1. Mathematical model for flood routing based on cellular automaton

As an important non-engineering measure, flood routing can provide a strong scientific reference for disaster warning and flood control decisions.

3 Cellular automaton model (Cellular automaton model for flood routing)

a cellular automaton is composed of cellular space, cellular neighbourhood space, cellular state space, and a cellular evolution rule, with basic properties of discretization, homogeneity, parallelism, and Xin CAI et al. Water Science and Engineering, Apr. 2014, Vol. 7, No. 2, 133-142 135 localization, as well as higher dimensions