Dear George, UFW clarifies ...
Published by Didier Perez, Founder and C.E.O. at P.T. P.I.P.A. (Pran Indo Permata Abadi)
Dear George, UFW clarifies the difference between water delivered in the network and the actual usage, whether it is metered or not (like fountains, fire hydrants of free deliveries to hospitals or some public facilities).
The NRW ratio refers to water delivered in the network but it only compares it with the invoiced volume.
The main difference between both indicators is that UFW considers the volume of water that does not generate any income.
In some countries, like in Indonesia, where I leave, the challenge is to consider the illegal connections and damages on meters that hamper a proper billing.
best regards
1 Comment
Dear Mr. George,
I'm providing below links to 4 publications that will make you "expert" in the field:
The Issues and Challenges of Reducing Non-Revenue Water
Rudolf Frauendorfer Roland Liemberger, 2010
https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/27473/reducing-nonrevenue-water.pdf
ADB Assistance to Water Supply Services in Metro Manila
https://www.oecd.org/countries/philippines/42229254.pdf
Urban Water Supply and Sanitation in Southeast Asia A Guide to Good Practice
Arthur C. McIntosh, 2014
Non Revenue Water Reduction Strategy in Urban Water Supply System in India
RR Dighade, MS Kadu and AM Pande, 2015
International J. of Research in Engg and Applied Sciences
http://mgijournal.com/cur_issue/4.pdf
Published by F H Mughal