Dear Ibrahim EI SalhiFor ...

Dear Ibrahim EI Salhi

For Sodium removal PA membrane may be used.High-performance multi-functional reverse osmosis membranes obtained by carbon nanotube·polyamide nanocomposite. Polyamide reverse osmosis membranes containing carbon nanotubes with acidic groups (CNTa), graphene oxide (GO), and both CNTa and GO (CNTa–GO) were prepared by the interfacial polymerization of trimesoyl chloride solutions in hexane and  m -phenylenediamine aqueous solutions containing carbon nanomaterials. All of the polyamide membranes containing the carbon nanomaterials showed considerably improved membrane performances, such as water flux, chlorine resistance, long-term durability, and mechanical properties, compared to the polyamide membrane without any of the carbon nanomaterials due to the advantageous properties of the CNT and GO as the filler materials.

aromatic PA membranes using a support consisting of a porous polysulfone layer deposited on a polypropylene nonwoven. These support membranes soaked sequentially in MPD and TMC solutions, to synthesize the aromatic PA membrane by interfacial polymerization. In order to incorporate MWCNT into the PA membrane, an anionically stabilized dispersion of MWCNT (mixed with the MPD solution and the synthesis  conducted similarly. The softener puts out copious amounts of sodium---and while the reverse osmosis unit may initially remove 80-90 percent of this sodium.