Well that depends on bed ...
Published by Derek French, Wateropolis Inc. - Founder
Well that depends on bed depth, media size (d10) and uniformity coefficient. A 24" bed of 0.5 mm ES sand running at 10 gpm/ft2 takes out around 35% of 3-5 micron particles depending on water TDS, pH, DOC and a bunch of other factors that influence particle filterability.
2 Comments
Usually it it 5-10 micron, depending on media size and depth. Particles smaller than 5 micron can only be removed by the granular media filter if they are coagulated and flocculated into larger particles. Membrane filters (MF/UF) can remove much smaller particles (<0.1 micron) without the need for coagulation.
Published by Joe Wong, Brown and Caldwell - Chief Engineer - Advanced Treatment Technology Leader
1 Comment
Dear Joe. Thank you very much for your attention to this question.The objective is to explore which is the opinion of experts on the topic in order to design an experiment to determine if rapid sand filtration preceded by good coagulation - floculation - sedimentation stages is capable of retaining small particles (<0.5µ) and challenge this vs the DBP's rule that aims to remove DOC which is <0.45µ particles. If the current filtration technique used around the world even when using enhanced coagulation is not capable to remove <0.5µ particles then we can conclude that this technique dated back to 1900 is obsolete and that is time to look for another options for TTHM control.
Published by CARLOS GONZALEZ, CTO at Carlos Gonzalez
Dear Derek: Thank you very much for the follow up on this question. Please read my comments for Peter
Published by CARLOS GONZALEZ, CTO at Carlos Gonzalez