The right amount of water ...

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The right amount of water with proper timing to grow 100 bushel wheat. The basic rule of thumb for wheat grain production is that it takes 5 inches of moisture to insure a crop, with a yield increase of 7 bushels of grain for each additional inch of moisture. For 100 bushel wheat, the water requirement is approximately 20 inches per acre (1 3/4 acre feet), which rainfall, stored soil moisture, and irrigation must supply over the course of the growing season. Three feet of moist silt loam soil will hold about 3-4 inches at 50% depletion, so one must schedule irrigations to this limit

Obviously, you can't irrigate constantly, so here is what you need:

If your soil is not a gravel-free silt loam, but a sandier or shallower soil, you'll need to irrigate more frequently and apply a little less water each time to get the required 1 3/4 acre feet of water. 

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For alfalfa the total water need over its growing period (averaging 220 days and ranging from 100-365 days  the water needs mm range from 800-1600 mm. Taking an average of  1200 mm the crop needs per hectare work 12,000 m3 per ha. Wheat average is about 550 mm-over a growing period ranging from 120 to 150 days or 550 m3 per ha-You can then follow the farming practices advised by Gunny Hundetmark above.

 

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