Good question Pratibha your ...

Good question Pratibha your thinking is positive now a days many countries e.g. East India, China etc. are facing problems of Flood. most of the people die with drinking polluted water. In flood area leaved huge number of victims with deficiency of water, food, energy and transportation. Lack of potable water is one of the most serious problems, since it is the most vital factor or human life. Since water is relatively heavy goods to be delivered with wrecked transportation system, mass-supplying effective water purification system to the victims would be practical.

 The system should satisfy following conditions:

1.   Low cost and easy to make;
2.  Easy to transport, install and operate;
3. Small energy consumption (or powered by renewable energy, inexpensive batteries or human power which are easily accessible on the user’s places);
4. Outdoor usable;
5.  High credibility, especially on sterilization aspect. Some appropriate technologies, such as charcoal filtering water purifiers are one of good candidate.

The following water treatment methods for application at household level generally are recommended to reduce faecal contamination of drinking water:

1. Simple water purifier (ceramic water filter) can be used in flooded area and can be supplied by government & local authorities.
2. Water storage at household level is a simple method to improve the water quality. Plain sedimentation however can only partly remove turbidity and faecal coliforms – the common indicator used to quantify the degree of faecal pollution. The main health risk associated with household water storage is the risk of recontamination through inappropriate handling practices.
3.  Boiling of water kills viral, parasitic and bacterial pathogens.
4. Water pasteurisation achieves the same effect as boiling at temperatures of only 70°C-75°C, but requires a longer exposure time of approximately 10 minutes.
5.   Water filtration by simple household filters, such as ceramic candle filters, stone and sand filters,
6.  Water disinfection with chlorine/H2O2/Iodine tablets are used to kill microorganisms (bacteria and viruses),
7.   Solar water disinfection (SODIS) is a simple water treatment method using solar radiation (UV-A light and temperature) to destroy pathogenic bacteria and viruses present in the water.

Regards,

Prem Baboo