Cholera is a diarrhoeal ...

Cholera is a diarrhoeal disease caused by infection with the bacteria  Vibrio cholera . It is water- and foodborne disease with person-to-person transmission resulting from poor hygiene, limited access to sanitation, and inadequate water supply, which all contribute to the rapid progression of outbreak. Cholera outbreaks can occur during emergencies, such as earthquakes and flood events, or in refugee settings when water supply, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) infrastructure is compromised.

The treatment and distribution of water for safe use is one of the greatest achievements of the twentieth century. Before cities began routinely treating drinking water with chlorine  cholera, typhoid fever, dysentery and hepatitis Meeting the goal of clean, safe drinking water requires a multi-barrier approach that includes: protecting source water from contamination, appropriately treating raw water, and ensuring safe distribution of treated water to consumers’ taps.

During the treatment process, chlorine is added to drinking water as elemental chlorine (chlorine gas), sodium hypochlorite solution or dry calcium hypochlorite. When applied to water, each of these forms “free chlorine,” which destroys pathogenic (disease-causing) organisms.

Chlorine readily combines with chemicals dissolved in water, microorganisms, small animals, plant material, tastes, odors, and colors. These components "use up" chlorine and comprise the chlorine demand  of the treatment system. It is important to add sufficient chlorine to the water to meet the chlorine demand and provide residual disinfection.

Halazone Tablets are available in the following strengths:

4 mg To treat 1 liter water.

20 mg To treat 5 liter water

40 mg To treat 10 liters water.

80 mg To treat 20 liters water.

100 mg To treat 25 liters water.

200 mg To treat 50 liters water.

400 mg To treat 100 liters water.

Calcium Hypochlorite based Chlorine Tablets

Chlorination of water is one of the worldwide-accepted method of disinfection and purification of water to make it potable. For inexpensive, economical and timely purification of drinking water, under the various schemes of protected water supply in rural areas, Chlorine Tablets are highly effective. This is the easiest method of disinfection and purification of water.

In addition to controlling disease-causing organisms, chlorination offers a number of benefits including:

Reduces many disagreeable tastes and odors;

1. Eliminates slime bacteria, molds and algae that commonly grow in water supply reservoirs, on the walls of water mains and in storage tanks
2. Removes chemical compounds that have unpleasant tastes and hinder disinfection; and
3. Helps remove iron and manganese from raw water.thogenic (disease-causing) organisms.

it would be ​far more ​effective to ​train health ​workers or well ​attendants to ​chlorinate the ​water one In such cases, it is the monitoring of the sudden drop in the  chlorine  residual that provides the critical indication to  water  system operators that there is a source of contamination in the system.  Water  treatment transforms raw surface and groundwater into safe drinking  water .

Emergency Disinfection of Drinking Water. ...

METHODS OF EMERGENCY DISINFECTION.

Chemical treatment: When boiling is not practical, chemical disinfection should be used. ...

CHLORINE BLEACH: Common household bleach contains a chlorine compound that will disinfect water. ...

GRANULAR CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE. ...

CHLORINE TABLETS.