We are developing mass scale low cost housing at Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India that requires treatment of 1.8 MLD sewage water daily. The treated water will be reused for flushing toilets and gardening through porous pipe. What is the best low cost and low maintenance solution? Should we go for anaerobic digestion and gasification or another surface bed treatment system. Initial cost and running maintenance should be low and affordable.
What I would say would be bizarre but a fact. Stop using soap solutions like Harpic etc and tell the incumbents to use fruit venegar or even neem oil and a disinfectant and cleaning solution and NEVER use soap/ cleaning agents like dettol. The bacteria inside the system will digest the whole fecal material thereby rendering the sewage clean and effective so there would be no need to have any STP system at all
When facing intractable challenges, owners and operators of infrastructure assets can find solutions from across the globe via the technology Marketplace. Register free online and connect with other organizations as you crowd source challenges and solutions.
Published
by michelle arroyo, Innovation Interchange - Communications and Support
Sewage plants by definition are expensive to build and expensive to maintain, have you considered solutions like septic systems or sharing cleanup facilities?
DEWATS will be a best solution. It has many advantages like you can save space, incorporate into your lanscape area, better aesthetic, better performance etc....For Indian climate it works well.
a sewage lagoon is usually the most economical for a small community' for individual home a septic yank with laech bed or leach pit if the soil has decent percolation you can reach me on Skype to discuss name HOLSTEIN 76 BILL VANENGELENBURG
I would recommend the PHYTORID treatment that would meet with the water quality that is required for the toilet flushing and gardening purposes. The treatment requires practically zero maintenance.
An in-situ communal recirculating sand filter with disinfection could do the job at a minimal cost. The USEPA has guidelines for the design and construction of on-site wastewater treatment system, which are excellent for isolated communities and certain activities (military fields, golf courses, large farms, isolated communities). A two-chamber storage system with a volume proportional to the flow is needed, either underground or above the surface. Solids decant in the first chamber like in most septic tanks, liquids flowing by gravity to the second chamber. Either by gravity or with a small pump, and equivalent amount of the inflow is discharged into a sand filter, near the surface, allowing the water to trickle through the sand filter (depth of sand is proportial to area of treatment and/or inflow). The sand filter is encapsulated with a rubber membrane welded in situ to a seal. Collection pipes at the bottom of the sand filter drain by gravity into a sump, where a low-head pumping system with a recirculating solenoid valve returns a certain % of the flow to the second chamber and the balance to the irrigation fields. Disinfection is provided to the line going to the irrigation field through an automatic chlorinator or UV system. In a small system we built for a golf course in Puerto Rico, BOD's were reduced by 95%, equivalent to secondary treatment, and the transparency of the water was almost 100%. I have a paper on the subject that you can request at my email fquinon@msn.com, but it is in Spanish. The USEPA page on In Situ Treatment Systems provides a lot of the design criteria.
Economics lies with following Basic Principles. Reduction of Volume, Segregation, Effective Physical Treatment i.e. for Separation, Oxidation, Reuse, Efficient Production & effective Salable Products of 1) useful outputs like Bio-gas, 2) combustible Pellets, 3) Fertilisers, 4) Heat & Power, 5) Reduction of Volume of Final form of Waste and method of its safe disposal.. Each aspect needs to be considered with availability of facilities for natural & fast disposal. Solution cannot be standard as everywhere environment ans quality of waste is different. Even cost & availability of Land affects / matters finals decision. Right from campaign for lower wastage of water, Segregation of solid waste, possibility of Separate collection of Sullage, Urinals, small bore waste collection for Waste from Toilet and local Treatment possibility also affect economics. Community Type, its size as Large Urban, / Town size or Village Size also affect economics.
since 20 years we build constructed wetlands and also for reusing the effluent. Compared to other decentralized treatment plants our wetlands are quite cheap and very robust with low maintenance. Our CWs are implemented in Europe, Canada and Brazil. Take a look at our website : www.bvwater.com
An odorless self-flushing public toilet was constructed by the Green Cross Society in the premises of Versova Municipal Sewage Pumping Station, in Andheri(W), Mumbai 400 053. Here there is no water connection inside the toilets. People carry 1-2 liters of water for defecation, the thick sewage slurry gets treated in 2 horizontal shallow reactors using the BIOSANITIZER and planted filter. Clean water produced is pumped to the overhead tank that feeds the continuous flushing system. The system has demonstrated how man and plant ecology can co-exist without producing any worry of odor-pathogens-and-pests. All this is achieved without any water connection to the toilet and there is no sewage flow away from the toilet. In fact, sewage is treated to produce water for flushing. There are no recurring expenses on treatment. There is no use of machinery and electricity, for sewage treatment. There is also no production of sludge and greenhouse gases such as methane or carbon dioxide. In fact, the treated sewage is a resource for ecosanitation. It acts as a plant tonic and its spray also is able to control odor, pathogens and pests. This is an ecological alternative to use of toxic chemicals in the field of agriculture and sanitation. We have to discontinue the use of toxic chemicals because they end up poisoning the whole biosphere. Increasing incidence of cancer in man is linked to widespread use of these carcinogens. To know more visit http://www.wastetohealth.com/odorless_public_toilet.html
Greetings from KROFTA!!! Let me have the pleasure to introduce Krofta Engineering Ltd, providing 360° Degree Waste Water treatment Solutions to Industriessince 1983. EXCELLENT results in reducing BOD, COD, TSS, Color, Oil & Grease etc . KROFTA is a world leader in water and wastewater treatment, water and process materials recovery and water purification using the concepts of Dissolved Air Floatation (DAF) Technology. Krofta clarifiers have retention times as low as 3 minutes and with a possibility of resource recovery in some cases as opposed to the sedimentation methods characterized by very long retention times. That is why KROFTA has been able to install 6000+ units worldwide. In respect of technologies, we have collaborated with leading organizations in the world. These include: Krofta Technologies Corp-USAwho had perfected DAF as a pioneer, KWI International-Austria, AJV Engineering-Finland for belt & sludge presses, Stetfield Separators Ltd, U.K, for oil-water separator like CPI & TPI, Leiblein, Germany for Lamella Clarifier. With latest technologies available with us, equipments are manufactured in India, which perform and deliver expected results consistently. Following broad category of Krofta equipments find use in specialized treatment, filtration and recovery of solids from in process industrial effluents, and from municipal & housing society sewage: 1. Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) clarifiers 2. Belt Filter Press 3. Centrifuges 4. Lamella Clarifier 5. Oil-Water Separator-Corrugated Plate Interceptor, Tilted plate interceptor, Oil and Grease Skimmer. 6. Filters - Sand Filter, Activated Carbon Filters, Iron Removal Filter, Gravity Filter. 7. Membrane Systems - Ultra Filtration, Reverse Osmosis, Micro Filtration, Nano-Filtration, Membrane Bio Reactor. 8. Disinfection Systems - U.V, Ozonation, Chlorination, Peroxide dosing 9. TDS reduction systems: Ion-Exchange Process- Demineraliser, Dealkaliser, Softeners. Above equipments help in quick recovery of intermediate process materials, chemicals, recovery and reuse of wastewater, enabling the step towards overall zero discharge capability. Our technical capabilities are already proven for enabling zero discharge in industries like paper. We are extending this service to other industries also. We thus help industries meet Triple Bottom Line needs: economic, environmental and equity (social). We offer customized and satisfactory solutions to our valued customers in India and abroad alike; in countries like Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Nepal, Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam, Iran, South Africa, Jordan, Dubai etc. We welcome your team members to contact us with details of effluent characteristics, so that Krofta Engineering can suggest solutions. To know more about our product range, kindly visit our company website: www.kroftaengineering.com. Kindly feel free to write for further information you may require. Our Clients:Pulp and Paper , Cement, Sugar ,Dairy ,Tannery ,Petroleum ,Food ,Textile. Warm Regards A.Mallikarjuna Process Engineer Krofta Engineering Limited Durga Bhavan A-68, FIEE Complex, Okhla Industrial Area Phase II New Delhi 110 020 Tel: +91 11 47242500 Mb: +919555155278 Excellence in Environmental Engineering
Exstandard aeration and MBBR technologies are suitable for your sewage treatment plant..The treated water will be reused for flushing toilets and gardening, these systems are very low cost and easy operation compare to other treatment process. if you have any clarifications please free call me.. Thanks Mallikarjuna ph:09555155278
As long you go for water based sanitation: "Decentralised Wastewater Treatment Systems (DEWATS) is a simple, proven and low maintenance technology for the treatment of organic wastewater"