My company is responsible for managing drinking water quality for 96 water wells in Romania. Some of these wells have high level of manganese (aprox. 100 μg/l), higher than the permissible value.
I need a solution to reduce the level of manganese from these water wells.
In Australia we also have this issue across a lot of the country. We have some specific products to deal with the problem. If you will contact me on doug@solarienergy.com.au we can discuss further
I agree with oxidation followed by filtration of the manganese flock. You state that the water source is well water therefore I believe there are no organics in the water. If you do have organics it will take more time for the oxitation to complete its job.
Removal of manganese is generally a two step process -- first an oxidation step followed by physcial removal. The chemistry of manganese is complex. Oxygen will not oxidize Mn(II) to Mn(IV). To do that, you need a stronger oxidant -- HOCl, ClO2, MnO4, O3, ferrate, etc. The oxidation step is generally pretty fast, on the order of minutes. However, getting the resultant particualtes to grow so that they are easily removaed by clarification is often more dependent on pH, especially with chlorine. It is less dependent on ph with stronger oxidants like permanganate and ozone. There are many available resources, including some excellent ones by Dr. Bill Knocke of Virginia Tech (see the Water Research Foundation website for these reports)
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First you must oxidize the Mn, and Fe if present (very common) and after this you must choose trhe separation method. It depends of the relationship of Fe:Mn, the amount of Fe+Mn and other factors.
The options are Coagulation+lamelar settling, filtration, adsortion, ...
To remove manganese you need to make an oxidation from Mn+2 to Mn+4, but Mn not easily oxidized in natural water pH range (7-8), & need much more contact time, but at pH not less than 9 it easly & rapidly oxidizied, so that firstly you need to raise water pH using forexample (sodium carbonate), then using an oxidizing agent like Cl2, ClO2, Kmno4 and the precipitation will be MnO2 and you can remove this with sand filters.
I agree with Jim. Meanwhile, you can have a kind of aearation in your treatment process which causes Manganese to be converted to MnO2 and then be precipitated out.
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The proceed water should be oxidized by using chlorodioxide. Then you have to dose inorganic coagulant according to sand fülter fulux. I recommend you use serial connected 2 sand filters based on 10-15 unit flow rate. Then use activated carbon filters. ..
I had similiar problem; 5 ppm iron- around 1,5 ppm manganese and 2,5 ppm copper ions for raw water. Before RO plant , iron, manganese and copper contents are dropping 0,02 ppm with 2 sand filters + 2 activated carbon filters dosing chemicals.. If you want I can prepare technical project according to current rawwater analysis results.
You have all the answers below. However, it is important to know the pH level of the water, because this influences the oxidation of Manganese. pH will also influence the kind of approach applied, but oxidation and precipitation is a good way of removing the Manganese
As Suko nv of Belgium we represent a zeolite manufacturer of the US. The Crystal Right filter media is commonly used on mostly well waters to remove hardness, manganese and iron (Fe2+ form only) and also adsorbs ammonia out of the water and CO2 which corrects the pH of the water to neutral. We have been on the market for more than 35 years with this and are meeting all requirements of our customers. Please do not hesitate to contact me for more info or other support. Info@suko.be
Dear Peter,Thank you for your solution.Tell me please how to use the Crystal Right filter and what quantity we need to use to have good results. Best regards,Madalin Neagu
Dear Madalin, best is to send me a water analysis from all the wells and the hourly volume of water to treat. So we can calculate and make you a suggestion for sizing the system. info@suko.be
Manganese ions in water supplies can cause stained clothes, "black" water, water main encrustation, deposit on paper machines and debris at end user taps. Though chlorine can be used to control these problems, it reacts so slowly that manganese ions may still be in the water distribution after 24 hours. Chlorine Dioxide reacts much more rapidly with manganese, oxidizing it to manganese dioxide. After 5 mins contact time 99+% of manganese dioxide can be removed with 0.45 micron filter.
I would again suggest Bioremediation as the option.later you can even resuse magnesium into some process so it gets money as well and besides it will need least changes in infrastructure as well.Open to suggestions and criticisms.
Dear Miroslav,Thanks for your response. Can you tell me please more about the skid systems, how it works and what involving them? Best regards,Madalin Neagu
Can you provide more info on pH, hardness and iron level. At a pH around 7 the manganese which is in the manganous form, could be remove with a cation resin easily and will also remove hardness and iron if it is in ferrous form