My friend in Nepal has sent me this query, I wonder if any of you can help with suggestions for appropriate solutions.
"I'm searching for an organisation that can give me professional information on water filter systems which could purify a water source for an entire village. We have a water source that gets contaminated by dead bodies, so we need immediate solutions to protect the villagers.
Just following the earthquake in Nepal, the Water, Engineering and Development Centre (WEDC) at Loughborough University, UK posted the following information for emergency workers:
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Please note these publications are free to download from the WEDC Knowledge Base:
WHO TECHNICAL NOTES FOR EMERGENCIES:
1. Cleaning and rehabilitating hand-dug wells 2. Cleaning and rehabilitating boreholes 3. Cleaning and disinfecting water storage tanks and tankers 4. Rehabilitating small-scale piped water distribution systems 5. Emergency treatment of drinking water at the point of use 6. Rehabilitating water treatment works after an emergency 7. Solid waste management in emergencies 8. Disposal of dead bodies 9. How much water is needed 10. Hygiene promotion in emergencies 11. Measuring chlorine levels in water supplies 12. Delivering safe water by tanker 13. Planning for excreta disposal in emergencies 14. Technical options for excreta disposal
Dear Kiran, We have already been active to supply clean water to whole villages in Nepal. My local partner, Mr. Guneshwar Mahato should receive additional equipment hopefully next week already. The units are basing on solar powered water purification using UF filtration. That does a good job. In the current installations in Chitwan area, we even use a special filter to remove Arsenic, Fluorides etc.
You can check also homepage of www.trunzwatersystems.com to get an impression on the technology which is currently being used. I can also give you the contact information of Mr. Mahato if required. Best regards, Lars
Not for purification, but if there is an issue with removing any sedimentation prior to purifying the water, I use a food grade filtering cloth for my rainwater harvesting projects. The filters are commonly used in the dairy industry to remove heavy particulates from milk. The filters can be washed, disinfected, and reused many times. Perhaps this would make it easier to then purify the water. If you want specific manufacturer / distributor information, please contact me at mbrent@cascadewater.org.
Hi Kiran; A few years ago I discovered a unique standalone UF based filter unit which uses no electricity has a simple and effective manual backwash and can be installed as single units or in series for higher water output. I had installed these in areas of rural Maharashtra as a CSR project and found them to be very effective. Each unit treated to potable standards 500-700 L/Hour depending on input water quality. It required about 3-12 feet of head pressure and the water could be raised to that height and put in a overhead water tank with a simple solar panel. It is perfect for the rural context as well as disasters like the situation in Nepal. You can find details about it at the website of the Australian Foundation who developed it below... http://www.skyjuice.com.au/ Good Luck; Sanjay
A few years ago I discovered a unique standalone UF based filter unit which uses no electricity has a simple and effective manual backwash and can be installed as single units or in series for higher water output. I had installed these in areas of rural Maharashtra as a CSR project and found them to be very effective. Each unit treated to potable standards 500-700 L/Hour depending on input water quality. It required about 3-12 feet of head pressure and the water could be raised to that height and put in a overhead water tank with a simple solar panel. It is perfect for the rural context as well as disasters like the situation in Nepal.
You can find details about it at the website of the Australian Foundation who developed it below...
Doulton make these. They have one called sterosyl which has silver impregnated in the ceramic filter, though IMO the standard candle filters will do just fine. 99% pathogen removal. The beauty of these filters is that they can be cleaned to remove algal and sediment deposits. I would run the water through a sediment filter prior to running it through the ceramic filter. They do commercial versions also with banks of candles. http://www.doultonwater-filters.co.uk/WWSDoulton/index.asp Also on Ebay I'm guessing if you could offer them some publicity you would get the candles and equipment for free. I have been using these with my rainwater harvesting system for around 5 years, the water tastes much better than local domestic water. You will need a pumped supply through the filters, although they do also have gravity feed filters so best ask them for advice and how they can work with you. Andrew
Published
by Andrew Fletcher, Operation OASIS - Originator and Architect
An economical campatible and affordable solution for water purification in earthquake affected area
To reduce the risk of outbreak of water borne diseases and to make it acceptable for human consumption, it is imperative to remove pathogenic organisms, fecal matter, suspended matter, organic matter, and harmful chemicals from water to be consumed.
Household Sand Filter (HSF) is one of the low cost drinking water treatment options that has been practiced for a long time and is handy to construct, operate and maintain.
Other is Terafilter effective and useful.
The attached papers would be helpful solution for such like problems.
To sanify water we use UV/Ozone generators. The machine should be dimensioned according to the volume of water to sanify. It works on water in pools or thanks as well as on running water in pipes. The combined action of UV and O3 destroy bacterias and have other positive effects without adding any chemicals. We can provide for scientific tests which demonstrate which is the time required to destroy a given populations of bacterias.
The presence of pollution, dusts, ions and other kind of elements may require some additiona actions: to do this we use a number of technologies, which includes microalgae and/or other kind of processes. Anyway, pools and filters in most cases are more than enough to provide water to UV/O3 machines. This solution can really be immediate.
For more info, please do not hesitate to contact me:
International Water Company has a mobile water purification system that operates off of solar energy to purify up to 86,000 liters of water a day without any chemicals being added. Please email me directly at bharman@wateriwc.com . This system would be able to provide a village of 5,000 people with recommended amount of purified water.
Our filter has different sizes that Decontaminates the water with no added chemicals, no energy consumption and without any regular intervention, the Clairify® systems differ significantly from all other disinfection techniques. The product functions due to the Activated SilicaTM ceramics placed into the disinfection chambers. Any microorganism that gets into direct contact with our super germicide ceramics is distorted in less then 0.1 seconds. Chemicals free, no chloride •Power free, no energy consumption •Maintenance free •No risk of failure, no electrical device •No heating of the water •30 Micron filtration •99.99% Removal of microorganisms by the Activated SilicaTM ceramics* •40% Removal of Nitrates •40% Removal of Ammonia •30% Removal of Phosphates •Scalable to any flow trevor@clearstreamsnw.com
Many of the suggestions related to the query refer to chlorine. Before getting to use chlorine the following drawbacks of chlorine need to be assessed:
1. Firstly the demand for chlorine in the water will be very high. Therefore you need a stronger disinfectant than chlorine to disinfect the water.
2. Residual presence important. Due to the high demand of chlorine in the water, it gets consumed very rapidly thereby leaving no residual presence in the water. This water can easily get infected again.
3. Most of the water in Nepal will be high in presence of Organics in the water. When Chlorine is added to the water it will react with the organics producing chloroform, a known trihalomethane and carcinogen (cancer causing).
4. It is best suggested to use a stronger disinfect such as an Oxy Chlor product that is formulated for use in the field.
We can supply Oxy Chlor in good volumes in dropper bottles that can be easily added to drinking water to make it safe for human consumption.
Due to rotting of animals and human bodies there is a high likelihood of an epidemic. With Oxy Chlor sprayed onto dead carcasses of animals and humans will prevent the spread of water and air borne infections including epidemics.
HI KIRAN, THANKS FOR YOUR MESSAGE REGARDING SOLUTION FOR EARTHQUAKE / EPIDEMIC / DISASTER / CHOLERA etc. WE HAVE NEVER DONE TASTING FOR DEAD-BODIES IN THE WATER. BUT WE HAVE TWO (2) REKNOWNED PRODUCTS WHICH COULD SOLVE YOUR ISSUE BUT YOU NEED TO TEST LAB REPORT AFTER TRYING IT ON CONTAMINATED AREA WATER SAMPLE (TO REALIZE DOSAGE FOR PURIFICATION) : (1) Mediclor - M : FOR SAFE DRINKING WATER is a liquid stable chlorine product available in 100ml. droper bottles used in households by putting 12 drops in a 10 litre pot of drinking water (Water-borne Diseases : diarhea, dysentery, cholera, typhoid etc )= US$ 2.40 / 10,000 Liters (2) CHLORITARD : WHO - HOUSEHOLD WATER TREATMENT (HWT) - WATER TREATMENT FOR "PATHOGEN + G.I. DISEASE FREE" HOUSEHOLD CONSUMING SAFE WATER. THIS IS FOR (POS : POINT OF SOURCE) IF YOU HAVE STORAGE TANKS OF CAPACITY 500 LITERS - 1.5 MILLION LITERS IN VILLAGES OR ABOVE BUNGALOWS / BUILDINGS WHERE-IN JUST HANG OUR ONE (1) POUCH AS PER YOUR TANK CAPACITY . FOR IN-STANCE 500 LTR / TANK, OUR ONE (1) POUCH OF CHLORITARD IS SUFFICIENT FOR AUTOMATIC CHLORINE REGULATION (0.2 ppm - 0.5 ppm) 500 LITERS / DAY X 30 DAYS = 15,000 LITERS OF HOUSE-HOLD WATER IS PURIFIED AT NEGLIGIBLE COST = INDIAN PAISE 2 - Rs 0.03 / LITER The most effective technology best suited for point of consumption water disinfection. Chloritard can be simply described as “scientist’s dream product” as it fulfills all the criteria THUS, HOUSEHOLD CONSUMING SAFE WATER AFTER USING CHLORITARD CAN BE USED FOR - HAND WASH, BATHING, CLEANING UTENSILS, COOKING, CLOTHES WASHING (including DRINKING). = US$ 7.95 / 15,000 Liters (500 LTRS TANK X 30 DAYS) IF YOU ARE INTERESTED PLEASE E-MAIL ME AT BELOW 2 E-MAIL ADDRESS OR ADVISE YOUR E-MAIL ADDRESS & I CAN E-MAIL YOU THE "DETAILS" BY E-MAIL. PRODUCT : DESCRIPTION + METHOD & USE / APPLICATION : (1) Mediclor-M : is a liquid stable chlorine product available in 100ml. droper bottles used in households by putting 4 - 12 drops in a 10 litre pot of drinking water. Mediclor-M dominates infections like cholera, gastro, diarrhea, dysentery, typhoid etc. 3 bottles of 100ml. Mediclor-M can suffice a family of 5 persons for 3 months of safe drinking water requirement. One 100ml. bottle can last a family for their safe drinking water requirement for one month. Our company is distributing Mediclor-M through medical shops and through Govt. of Mahashtra Rate contract to prevent water borne diseases and epidemics for last 30 years. In Maharashtra we have successfully prevented epidemics for Government of Maharasthra in many dire situations like floods, earthquake in the past a few certificates are enclosed for your perusal. Due to our efforts, the health department of Government of Maharashtra as well as various CEO's and DHO's of Zilla Parishads (VILLAGE COUNCIL'S) and Health officers of various Muncipal corporations are fully convinced that by round the year use of Mediclor-M in households, waterborne infections of diarrhea, dysentery, cholera, typhoid etc are drastically reduced thereby saving health burdon cost as well as loss of productive manpower due to sickness in the state. Also in situations like floods, earthquake epidemics, using of Mediclor-M is a boon and can save many lives which are usually lost due to waterborne diseases. MEDICLOR - M : Poor water quality spreads disease, causes death and hampers socio-economic progress. Around five million people die due to waterborne diseases. In addition, these diseases affect education and result in loss of work days, estimated at 180 million person days annually-Ref Water world NGO Forty five per cent of India's children are stunted and 600,000 children under five die each year, largely because of inadequate water supply and poor sanitation It is estimated that around 37.7 million Indians are affected by water-borne diseases annually, 1.5 million children are estimated to die of diarrhoea alone, and 73 million working days are lost due to water-borne diseases each year. Ref-water world NGO Mediclor-M contains FDA approved safe chemicals. Few drops of Mediclor-M in a pot of drinking water eliminates all inflecting bacteria and makes any available water safe for drinking. Mediclor-M is very cost effective. One 100ml. bottle gives 2500 lit of safe drinking water and costs only Rs 10 paisa for 10 litre of safe drinking water Makes any available water safe for drinking. Mediclor-M has been very effectively used by Government of Maharashtra at the time of Latur Earthquake, Mowad Flood and in many epidemics from 1987. Mediclor-M is extensively used by Maharashtra Health Department as household drinking water disinfectant to prevent waterborne diseases like cholera, gastro, diarrhoea, dysentery. US$ 0.60 (100 ml BOTTLE) Mediclor-M FOR 2,500 LITERS AT NEGLIGIBLE PRICE / COST = US$ 0.00024 / LITRE Thus it can be said that Mediclor-M : ADD IT ---FORGET IT----> USE WATER FOR DRINKING - KEEPS A DOCTOR AWAY. (2) CHLORITARD : WE ARE PLEASED TO OFFER THE BELOW MENTIONED PRODUCT, FOR WHO International Scheme to Evaluate Household Water Treatment Technologies CHLORITARD - WATER TREATMENT FOR "PATHOGEN + G.I. DISEASE FREE" HOUSEHOLD CONSUMING SAFE WATER THUS, HOUSEHOLD WATER IN VALLAGES / RURAL AREAS 36d WORLD COUNTRIES WITH "PATHOGENS (BACTERIA + PROTOZOA + VIRUS) + G.I. DISEASES" AFTER USING CHLORITARD CAN BE SAFE HOUSEHOLD WATER USED FOR - HAND WASH, BATHING, CLEANING UTENSILS, COOKING, CLOTHES WASHING (Including DRINKING) AT NEGLIGIBLE COST = US$ 0.0001 - US$ 0.0008 / LITER (FOR 30 DAYS), DEPENDING ON THE WATER RESERVOIR / TANK TREATED AS PER CAPACITY OF TANK (100 LITERS - 50,000 LTRS X 30 DAYS) FOR 30 DAYS. CHLORITARD - 30 DAYS - CONTROL OF (CHLORINE = 0.5 PPM)REGULATING POUCH FOR WATER STORAGE TANKS IN TOWNS / VILLAGES / APPARTMENTS / BUNGALOWS : CHLORITARD - IS SAFE WATER CONTROLLING POUCH FOR WAYER STORAGE TANS / OVER-HEAD TANKS IN APPARTMENTS / BUNGALOWS / STORAGE TANKS MAINTAINING "CHLORINE = 0.5 ppm", THUS SAFE WATER, CLEAN FROM CONTAMINATION, SAVES MONEY ON DOCTOR / MEDICAL ILLNESS. Thus it can be said that Chloritard a month - KEEPS A DOCTOR AWAY. CHLORITARD - WATER TREATMENT FOR "PATHOGEN + G.I. DISEASE FREE" HOUSEHOLD CONSUMING SAFE WATER. THUS, SAFE HOUSEHOLD CONSUMING SAFE WATER AFTER USING CHLORITARD CAN BE USED FOR - HAND WASH, BATHING, CLEANING UTENSILS, COOKING, CLOTHES WASHING (Including DRINKING) SIZES : AVAILABLE IN "POUCHES" SUITABLE FOR "CHLORINE = 0.5 ppm" REGULATION / CONTROL DEPENDING ON STORAGE TANK SIZE LITERS = 100 LITER - 50,000 LITERS X 30 DAYS (CHLORINE CONTROL = 0.5 PPM). SO, 1 POUCH FOR 500 LITERS IF PURCHASED, CONTROLS CHLORINE = 0.5 PPM FOR 30 DAYS. i.e. US$ 7.95 (1 POUCH) CHLORITARD FOR 500 LTRS X 30 DAYS = 15,000 LITERS / MONTH = RESERVOIR TANK - TREATED - CONTROL OF CHLORINE = 0.5 PPM (KILLING : PATHOGENS + G.I. DISEASE) AT NEGLIGIBLE PRICE / COST = US$ 0.0005 / LITRE. "CHLORITARD" - WATER TREATMENT FOR "PATHOGEN + GI DISEASE FREE" HOUSEHOLD CONSUMING SAFE WATER (WATER TREATED IS SAFE FOR HUMAN CONSUMTION - HAND WASH, BATHING, CLEANING UTENSILS, COOKING, CLOTH WASHING (Including DRINKING) CHLORITARD : =============== As one CHLORITARD pouch works effectively for at least 30 days, the problem of climbing up the ESR every day is eliminated. This leaves very little scope for irregularity & lapses in dosing, which are more harmful. When CHLORITARD pouch is suspended in water storage tank Calcium does not get transferred to water but remains in the pouch. This eliminates problem of sludge formation and recontamination of water. CHLORITARD: The most effective technology best suited for point of consumption water disinfection. Chloritard can be simply described as “scientist’s dream product” as it fulfills all the criteria CHLORITARD Prevents quick release of CHLORINE and Maintains free Chlorine level to more than 0.2 ppm CHLORITARD is the unique way to treat / disinfect entire bulk of water required for all activities at the ‘Point of consumption’. When a CHLORITARD pouch is suspended in a water storage tank, it releases chlorine slowly in the water for a period of at least 30 days continuously. The amount of chlorine released is sufficient to kill the bacteria present in the water as well as maintain desired level of free residual chlorine (above 0.2 ppm) for inhibiting rejuvenation and propagation of bacteria by “Dark Repair” process. Thus, the water treated with CHLORITARD becomes totally safe and hygienic. Since chlorine gets released very slowly, CHLORITARD has much longer shelf life as compared to that of bleaching powder. While using CHLORITARD it is not necessary to ascertain the chlorine demand of water because CHLORITARD pouch automatically releases amount of chlorine required to satisfy chlorine demand and maintain free residual chlorine Only the required quantity of chlorine is released hence there is no possibility of excess chlorine,which is commonly observed by any other methods of dosing chlorine. Thus chloramines formation possibility is remote when Chloritard is used for water disinfection. Hence the only disadvantage of using chlorine for water disinfection can be eliminated. The chlorine level of the water being treated with CHLORITARD remains consistent for a period of at least 30 days. Therefore problem of drastic variation in chlorine levels with time encountered in other methods of chlorine dosing including by bleaching powder is totally eliminated. As one CHLORITARD pouch works effectively for at least 30 days, the problem of climbing up the ESR every day is eliminated. This leaves very little scope for irregularity & lapses in dosing, which are more harmful. When CHLORITARD pouch is suspended in water storage tank Calcium does not get transferred to water but remains in the pouch. This eliminates problem of sludge formation and recontamination of water. Thus it can be said that Chloritard a month - KEEPS A DOCTOR AWAY. CAN E-MAIL ADOBE / PPT FILE FOR PRODUCT DATA - CHLORITARD IF INTERESTED. PLEASE CONTACT US IF INTERESTED, THANKS. LOOKING FOR WORLD-WIDE DISTRIBUTERS : TO CHANNELIZE IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES, ESPECIALLY FOR 3rd WORLD COUNTRIES. O.E.M. BRANDING / BUYER'S BRAND POSSIBLE FOR U.S.A. / CANADIAN / EUROPEAN COMPANIES IF VOLUME / QUANTITY ORDER CAN BE PLACED. WE LOOK FORWARD FOR YOUR KIND ASS TO DO BUSINESS WITH YOU IN THE COMING FUTURE. THANKING YOU IN ADVANCE FOR YOUR KIND SUPPORT & CONSIDERATION. BEST REGARDS, JACKY / SHAILESH PRADHAN MOBILE : +91-8698-350664 (PUNE - INDIA) INDONESIA - Ms. NONIETH / AMI +62-817-9944040 MALAYSIA / Bangladesh / U.K. - MR. DON E-MAIL : sourcing_imports@yahoo.cominterlinkstocklots@yahoo.co.uk
In my ( humble!) opinion, the only way is the micro(macro)organism that will "eat" all the organic "waste" ... no other solution, except the 100% industry purification thorough chemical, bacteriological and any other cleaning ... not evecutable!!!!
let me make it simple, please take the sample of the waste & get the analysis from the laboratory & send us the report we will provide you the solution with latest technology which is available in the market. thanks & kind Regards, 00971551655344
During the World Water Forum last month in Korea, Gloria Lin presented on the topic of “the application of Multi-hazard mitigation and prevention technology in Chinese Taipei”, with the most interesting technical product being Q-Water, a product designed originally to aid people in remote areas such as mountain villages or small islands to get safe drinking water. She explained this system can also be applied in developing countries. It can provide several thousands of people water for at least a week, so should be suitable for Nepal mountain villages. I would suggest contacting Yang Wei-fuu (楊å‰ç”«), vice economics minister and director-general of the Water Resources Agency, organizer of said panel and also from Chinese Taipei, to ask about implementing the Q-water system in Nepal.
We should join hands to tackling this crisis and help our Nepalese Partners,GIVE NOW....In this connection I, strongly propose that each and every partners organisation consider supporting the people of Nepal in their hour of need because people will urgently need food, water and medicine .
The application is complex because there we enter the deconstruction-destruction process of the organic matter of personal origin. One solution is to remove the corpses. If this is not possible it is to put scavengers (fish) that will clean all traces of organic matter. Is this water resource comes from an underground reserve area? Can the friend contact me directly on my email: lyseconcept@gmail.com
